About Portakabin Essay Example

About Portakabin Essay With a proven track record in supplying the highest quality accommodation, Portakabin hires and sells permanent and relocatable buildings. Clients include hospitals and schools, government ministries, universities and major business players such as Sony, Vodafone and Tesco. Its mission statement, as stated on its website, is: ‘To provide peace of mind for our customers across Europe through quality buildings and services’. It is the leading brand in this market with 16% of the UK market. The field in which Portakabin operates is highly competitive with strong players. Portakabin therefore has to work hard to stay market leader, and maintains its position by making sure it has quality products and customer service. It has built a premium brand, based on a good reputation of providing high quality products and excellent service levels. If a company wants to be a leader in its sector it must exceed the minimal requirements, to differentiate itself from its competitors. It has the expertise and resources to deliver modern, attractive buildings quickly, efficiently and exactly to the needs of the client. This means providing handy and secure ways for the customer to pay, a local service and ease of contact. 02_What is customer service? A business cannot exist unless it has customers to buy the products it wants to sell. Customer service is the term used to describe what happens at the points at which the customer comes into contact with the business. Usually it is split into four parts: Information This could be given by staff or be provided in other formats (such as leaflets) with the product. Advice This could be about the best or safest way to use a product, or specialist advice that might be needed. For Portakabin this could be the ability to provide all the services that make a quality working environment and full technical support. Convenience After-sales In the case of Portakabin, this includes delivery of modules, levelling, the installation of fixtures and fittings, subsequent advice on future building requirements. This Case Study focuses on how Portakabin keeps its competitive edge by making sure it provides not just good, but excellent, customer service. We will write a custom essay sample on About Portakabin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on About Portakabin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on About Portakabin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The company’s motto is ‘Quality – this time, next time, every time’ and this is applied as much to its customer service levels as it is to the products it provides. process of buying or hiring a building, from a single office building to a complete school or medical centre. The importance of good customer service can be seen at all stages, beginning with the initial customer’s enquiry, followed by a quotation and the drawing up of contracts. 129 Edition 11 At Portakabin, customer service is key during the Portakabin Portakabin It continues with the delivery of the product and the after-sales service. Portakabin has unique Customer Charters for its sales and hire customers. These set out, in detail, the high levels of service that customers can expect. These include: †¢ completion of every project on time and to the agreed contract sum †¢ a service response within 24 hours from the customer services team †¢ picking up the phone within four ‘rings’ – and by a person, not an automated system †¢ a response or visit within 24 hours of a request †¢ to be included in the customer care programme. Customers can be either internal or external. Internal customers are people within the business who depend on other parts of it. For example, continued good sales (in the sales department) may depend on the quality of the product (in the production department). External customers are those who come to buy products. Portakabin knows that if its internal customers deliver excellent service, external customer service excellence will follow – each member of the business is able to contribute to better service. To this end, each department has been encouraged to create its own internal customer charter, and a first-class service is the target of all internal departments. The Portakabin reputation is the 03_Why is customer service so important? Customers of a business can be new ones, or current ones returning to buy more. The significance of good customer service can be shown in financial terms, as it costs at least five times as much to win a new customer as it does to keep a current one. Much of the profits of most businesses rely on repeat custom. It costs as much to gain ONE new client as to keep FIVE existing ones direct result of a continued team effort to provide a level of service that is second to none. Portakabin may be the market leader, but if it had poor customer service, clients could switch to one of its rivals. The bulk of the company’s profits come from repeat sales, so it is vital to keep clients content. This helps the business to compete. Due to the commitment Portakabin has shown in providing a first-class level of service, its service levels have become, in its own words, ‘legendary’. The key to success in a competitive market is to provide a product or level of service that is unique – this is what differentiates one business from another. Portakabin stands out in the market because it provides unique Customer Charters that draw a clear line between its service and that of other firms. The key elements offered by unique pledge which states: †¢ delivery or completion on time or, for hire customers, a week’s free hire for every day they are late, or, for sales customers, an extended 6 month product warranty †¢ a pledge to stick to the agreed contract sum †¢ a 5-year product and 20-year structural warranty package on every new building purchased Portakabin, and not by others, are embodied in a Legendary customer service 1. Good customer service 5. Edition 11 5. C omp Customer satisfaction: the virtuous circle 4. 4. Be tte rp ro f 130 its 3. Re pe p at ch ur a s se †¢ full technical certification of the product Portakabin states these unique elements clearly in its Customer Charters. www. tt100. biz ctiv ely ers stom y cu app 2. H 1. ore effe etin gm 3. 2. 13% 34% 53% Over the past four years, Portakabin has carried out a customer satisfaction interview with the vast majority of its clients. This asks questions on all aspects of customer service and records scores on a scale of 1-10 (where 1 is very poor and 10 is excellent). Questions are asked in four categories: †¢ Customer experience with sales and administration – the company’s response to an enquiry, the level of service received, the speed of a response and how clearly information was presented. †¢ Delivery and installation – the service provided by the installation team and the haulier. †¢ The building itself – whether it was clean and fault-free on delivery and if not, what steps were taken to put things right. Market research is the collection of data that can be used to see how well a business is doing in its chosen market. This can be collected through primary research or secondary research and can be either qualitative or quantitative. †¢ The client’s overall impression of the service – the courtesy and technical knowledge of Portakabin staff, value for money and whether they received ‘peace of mind’. The scale of responses provides quantitative data, showing how well the company is doing in each area. Across all questions, it has improved in four years from an average score of 8. 2 to 9. Portakabin uses the individual responses to spot extremely good service so This related to how the customer felt they were treated during the process of hiring or buying a Portakabin building. Value was the most important aspect to 34% of clients, while just 13% thought that product was vital – this is because they had come to expect top quality buildings from Portakabin as a given. They were therefore most impressed by the level of personal interaction with staff and with the overall level of support they received. staff can be appropriately praised. It also uses the results to quickly tackle problems should they arise. 4_Market research: how to find out if customers are happy It is important for Portakabin to find out what inspires loyalty in its customers so it can encourage them to remain so. One way is to see how many are willing to come back for repeat purchases, but it is also vital to know why they return. This is the reason Portakabin carries out thorough market resea rch. www. tt100. biz Quantitative data was supplied when Portakabin surveyed its loyal customers to find out what factors distinguished the company. Most clients (53%) said the top factor was the experience. 5_Improving customer service Because service excellence is linked with customer loyalty, Portakabin is keen to further improve it. Senior managers have given customer service a high profile and all departments make service excellence a priority for internal and external customers. 131 Edition 11 Portakabin Portakabin Internally, success is flagged up in the Legendary Service staff booklet and in the company’s monthly briefing and customer magazine, Insider. These give examples of good service and share customer feedback with staff – this is an example of qualitative data. Comments include: â€Å"Thank you very much indeed for your speedy, efficient and thorough service recently. To have all three Portakabin buildings in place with roughly one week’s notice was truly remarkable! † â€Å"Throughout our negotiations and dealings with Portakabin, we were delighted with the service we received. We would not hesitate to recommend Portakabin if this is the kind of service which can be expected of their company as standard. External customers can see the commitment to service excellence through the re-launched Customer Charters. The new charters underline the levels of service that make Portakabin different from The Times Newspaper Limited and  ©MBA Publishing Ltd 2006. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure accuracy of information, neither the publisher nor the client can be held responsible for errors of omission or commission. made. They also help to build a good reputation. Working hard to make certain that this gets even better, Portakabin uses market research and different types of data to ensure it gets a clear message about what customers do and don’t like. It the competition. These charters are being promoted both internally and externally. 6_Conclusion It is clear to Portakabin that good customer service is vital. It is aware that satisfied customers return to the business and ensure that healthy profits are knows that if customers receive good service ‘This time, next time, every time,’ then they are more likely to return. GLOSSARY OF TERMS Competitive edge: the qualitie s that keep a company ahead of its rivals. Primary (or field) research: collected data that has not been collected before. Customer charter: a documented list of a business’s commitments to the client. Qualitative data: is more in-depth and consists of Market leader: the business with the biggest Quantitative data: consists of numbers and share of a market. figures that can be used to produce charts, graphs Mission statement: a short phrase used to give the general aims or targets of a business. Secondary (or desk) research: uses data that Personal interaction: face-to-face dealings between customers and a company’s staff. has already been collected and often that has been published e. g. in newspapers, books or reports. and statistics. For more information about Portakabin please browse: www. portakabin. co. uk 132 www. tt100. biz comments, opinions and feelings. Edition 11

11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Essay Example

The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Essay Example The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Paper The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Paper The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Chapter 12 For some time the commissions report of Flight 11J F has been a core issue of contention as people try to determine what or who was responsible for the success of the terror attack on American soil and its people in September 11. On one account, the commission argued that the American military forces were not to blame. They faced challenges in their operations and actions such as inadequate prior experience with such a situation, the confusion that ensued after and during the attack and more so, poor communication has also been mentioned as a major contributor to their slow reaction. However, despite the commissions assertion, a closer look highlights a number of loopholes and delays within the response structure and the teams or groups of individuals involved which could have been avoided and eliminated changing the outcome of the day completely. The first hurdle and obstacle to the swift response was that the FAA personnel broke protocol and procedures by failing to alert the proper authorities and the military in this case of a flight that is not communicating and moreover has changed its course of direction. The plane was non responsive to directives from the tower to climb, and even though it was uncommon and vital that the planes signal and radio contact was off. The staff still took no immediate action to deal with the situation as an emergency and instead informed other airlines to try make contact with their flight as they worked on moving planes out of the path of Flight 11 J F. The commission in the defense of the FAA and their actions says at the time the lack of communication was mainly driven by the fact that the staff saw no immediate of impending danger and assumed all was well. But later upon getting intelligible and accurate information from one of the communication transmissions on the flight confirming a hi jacking, the personnel took action choosing to inform their supervisors who thereafter took charge alerting their chain of command as protocol dictated. The issue raised in regards to this action is that, as they waited for a confirmation that there was a threat aboard the plane, none of those involved thought it necessary to inform the military so that preventative action could be take. Their lack of urgency by the FAA personnel therefore led to delays in the military response and overall led to the poorly coordinated efforts, which ultimately allowed the attacks to proceed unimpeded further supporting the commissions argument that the military were not to blame. The FAA management was not required to follow the procedure they took as they had direct access and communication links to the military an aspect ignored by the commission in their assessment of their role in the attack. Another weakness in the commissions report was their explanation of why the military opted to scramble support from an alert center so far away from the city while there was one within the proximity of the attack which would have made action faster and more efficient. The respondents while being questioned also left doubt in the commissions ability to stay impartial and honest for instance having respondents give different accounts of the ordeal in their statements claiming a fault with their memories. There were incidences of coaching and coercion further diminishing the commissions viability as a neutral, dependable and trustworthy investigative body. From the accounts of the day from the commissions perspective a number of inconsistencies are uncovered many of which are in their contradictory statements about the chain of command protocols utilized on that day by the FAA, the claim that there were no fighters within the center that was closest to the city, the claim that the fighters needed permission under such circumstances to assemble and act and the sluggish response from the military taking longer that is deemed necessary and plausible. Moreover, the commission was inactive and inconsistent with their search for the truth and evidence eliminating suspicion that the military did not do all it could as it failed to follow up and assess the legitimacy of claims, presumptions and coincidences. Chapter 13 The inconsistencies in the commissions report do not end with Flight 11 but proceed to the Flight 175 which hit the south tower. There were concerns in the fact that the time frames given by NORAD. Through revisionism historians are able to provide different accounts of what is presented to the public as true showing differences previously ignored or assumed as insignificant or need to know. It is a method recognized when used for the right intent as providing more accurate results and outcomes. Amongst its advantages is that it assesses all evidence available unabashedly and moreover, it ensures to provide evidence through comparison of prior reports thus proving its stance rather than disputing aimlessly. The revisionist account in this case is more realistic as it is more supported by actual facts than the original first account report and also more than the currently existing revisionist developments developed over the recent years. From this approach it becomes evident that the commission only supported and promoted the theories promoted by the original theorists and discards all other evidence and concerns holistically or bends it to suit the outcome desired. The chapter does not however assess the legitimacy of the commissions claims but focuses on the success or failure of any and all attempts the involved parties made to alter the results and deliver fallacies through omission and distortion. The commission in this case is accused of being but a tool and platform the military successfully adopted to rid itself of all blame, suspicion, and responsibility of the attacks. In the case of Flight 175, the commission defended the military for their slow response claiming though assembled in prime time, they were delayed by the fact that their target location had not been communicated and thus they were delayed by the wait for direction ad a directive from their senior officer. The critics argument is that though this may have been true, the commission should have provided substantive explanation and factual evidence to explain this lack or failure in communication. Furthermore, reports indicate that even with the lack of timely information on their target direction, the fighter planes had sufficient time to get to the Flight 175 before it hit the south tower at the time of their receiving the coordinates. The statements of the fighter pilots, NORAD and the commission are all contradictory in explaining the failure to perform as was necessary and expected the commission opting to alter a previous statement to state their arrival to the scene was only after the south tower had already been hit. The commission in light of its mandate to find and stand by the truth opted to desert the previous statements as falsehoods without any explanation and instead supported the military account of things. The different narrations from various groups the commission disputes and asks the public and the critics to believe their account as the gospel truth all the while neglecting to provide any evidence or facts to support their claims on time, response and respondents and some major loopholes in the different reports provided throughout the investigations. The revisionists also argue that the commissions argument that the Flight 175 did not change course nor did the transponder fail to communicate is misguided and untrue as the FAA personnel should then have been able to track the plane and therefore no need to report it hijacked. The gaps are many and the commission is vague in all attempts if any to explain why any of the events took place as they define in their account. From all accou nts, the questions and doubts as to the viability and accuracy of the commission report was brought forth and the skepticism from historians and other critics is still a reality. The commissions insistence on absolving the military of any blame inevitable paints a vivid picture of the FAAs incompetence in managing the situation and in alerting the military so as to take appropriate and immediate action. However, from the evidence provided by the revisionists and critics, the commissions bias is obvious and their lack of neutrality outright.

Law Overview- Great Cases + Abraham Lincoln essays

Law Overview- Great Cases + Abraham Lincoln essays The most famous document in British history, issued in 1215 by King John. In the form of a charter, it is a reactionary document with a purpose to insure feudal rights and dues to guarantee the King would not encroach upon baronial privileges. It implies that there are laws to protect the rights of people and their communities that the King must observe and obey by. It outlined that everyone shall be guaranteed of trial by a jury and of habeas corpus. It also vaguely outlines statements against oppression of all subjects. It covers trial by peers and removed absolute power of the monarchy. It brought justice to the legal system and paved the way for further developments to come. One of the fundamental instruments of constitutional law, it settled the struggle between the monarchy and the parliament. The monarch ceased to have decision making powers, hence the creation of government. It outlined that only the parliament has the power to tax. It gave political supremacy to the Parliament. Other important provisions and implications were freedom of speech, freedom to debate in parliament, prohibited cruel and excessive punishment and overall brought justice to all citizens and parliamentarians. Latin- have the body. 1862. The most celebrated and important writ in English law, it provides a remedy for violation of personal liberty. It outlines that a person must be bought before the court if being imprisoned. Its sole function is to release an individual from unlawful imprisonment. It tests only whether a prisoner has been accorded due process, not whether they are guilty or not. It is seen generally as a last resort. At a time in which Britain was being transformed from a country state and becoming very much industrialised, the middle classes emerged as the dominant economic and social group. These groups had no representation in parliament and had no right to vote, and areas with very small populations had sometimes 2 ...

Guidelines for Using Abbreviations in Formal Writing

Guidelines for Using Abbreviations in Formal Writing Provided they are not obscure to the reader, abbreviations communicate more with fewer letters. Writers have only to ensure that the abbreviations they use are too well known to need any introduction, or that they are introduced and explained on their first appearance. - From The Cambridge Guide to English Usage by Pam Peters Despite what you may have heard in school, abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms are commonly used in formal writing (though youll find them more frequently in business and the sciences than in the humanities). Exactly how they should be used depends on your audience, the country youre living in (British and American conventions differ), and the particular style guide youre following. 10 Tips for Using Abbreviations Correctly Using Indefinite Articles Before Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Initialisms: The choice between a and an is determined by the sound of the first letter in the abbreviation. Use a before a consonant sound (for example, a CBC documentary or a U.S. official). Use an before a vowel sound (an ABC documentary or an MRI).Placing a Period at the End of an Abbreviation: In American usage, an abbreviation that includes the first and last letters of a single word (Doctor, for example) is usually followed by a period (Dr.), while In British usage, the period (or full stop) is usually omitted (Dr).Abbreviating the Titles of Doctors: For medical doctors, write either Dr. Jan Jones or Jan Jones, M.D. (Dont write Dr. Jan Jones, M.D.) For nonmedical doctors, write Dr. Sam Smith or Sam Smith, Ph.D. (Dont write Dr. Sam Smith, Ph.D.)Using Common Abbreviations: Certain abbreviations are never spelled out: a.m., p.m., B.C. (or B.C.E.), A.D. (or C.E.). Unless your style guide says otherwise, use lower case o r small capitals for a.m. and p.m. Use capital letters or small caps for B.C. and A.D. (the periods are optional). Traditionally, B.C. comes after the year and A.D. comes before it, but nowadays the abbreviation commonly follows the year in both instances. Abbreviating Months and Days: If the month is preceded or followed by a numeral (14 Aug. or Aug. 14), abbreviate months as follows: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sep. (or Sept.), Oct., Nov., Dec. Dont abbreviate May, June, or July. As a general rule, dont abbreviate the month if it appears alone or with just the year- and dont abbreviate the days of the week unless they appear in charts, tables, or slides.Using the Abbreviation Etc.: The Latin abbreviation etc. (short for et cetera) means and others. Never write and etc. Do not use etc. at the end of a list introduced by such as or including.Placing a Period After Each Letter in an Acronym or an Initialism: Though there are exceptions, as a general rule omit the periods: NATO, DVD, IBM.Punctuating an Abbreviation at the End of a Sentence: Use a single period when an abbreviation appears at the end of a sentence. The single period does double duty- marking the abbreviation and closing the sentence.Avoid RAS Syndrome: RAS syndrome is a humorous initialism for Redundant Acronym (or Abbreviation) Syndrome syndrome. Avoid redundant expressions such as ATM machine and BBC corporation. Avoid Alphabet Soup: Alphabet soup (a.k.a. initialese) is a metaphor for using an overabundance of abbreviations and acronyms. If youre unsure whether the meaning of an abbreviation is familiar to your readers, write out the entire word.

Others Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Others - Essay Example Fortis healthcare Ltd. merged with Fortis healthcare international so as to consolidate both their local overseas operations, and in the end increase their combined revenue significantly. Milk has been differentiated to satisfy different market segments, for instance, milk is packaged in different sizes of packets e.g. 250 ml and 1litre packets. Those who cannot afford to purchase the 1litre packets can opt to purchase the 250 ml ones. Marketing mix incorporates price, place, promotion and product level (Nelson & Paul 93). The 250 ml packet can be promoted by posters around institutions where the target consumers include the students and some of the College staff. The price should be pocket-friendly since students may lack the purchasing power of the more expensive products. For Smartphone, one first identifies the need for him to purchase a Smartphone; secondly he gathers information about the Smartphone. Thirdly he evaluates the information he has gathered and finally makes a decision on whether to purchase or wait for some

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Questions - Essay Example Some of these which the Company could possibly use are (a) CPBI – Counter Productive Behavior Index – a tool for assessing candidate honesty and integrity (b) SELECT Associate System – a tool that gauges a candidate’s attitude towards honesty, integrity, dependability and honesty as well as the potential for aggressive behavior and (c) First View job fir indicator, which is a personality and cognitive screening tool (www.super-sloutions.com). 2. My Company currently makes its hiring selections on the basis of online applications, which are then screened using background checks on identity, education and work history. After this initial process of screening, the Company then selects a list of potential candidates for the interview process, which is the basis for an offer of employment. However, I feel that this process should be refined and the candidates should be made to take additional personality and integrity tests like the ones identified above, so that a good assessment can be made about how likely they are to be employees of integrity and honesty. The nature of current background checks are very preliminary and may not be adequate to identify potentially defrauding employees who could be a liability to the Company. 3. The reason for the sparse use of tuition reimbursement plans is the fact that in most organizations, tuition reimbursement plans are just bundled in with other administrative costs and no one is really responsible for them. Moreover, in most cases, the kind of degrees available under such plans are degrees at community colleges, with those who avail of it being disappointed when their Companies do not immediately recognize their new degrees in the form of promotions, etc. As a result, they are not frequently used. 4. After working as a team member, being promoted as Manager is hard because the team members are not used to viewing their peer in a superior capacity and therefore it may be difficult for the new Commander to

Kingdom of God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kingdom of God - Essay Example One of the major messages that were sent by Christianity focuses on the afterlife of the believers. That is why it is important to explore the concept of Kingdom of God. First of all, one should note that it is not observable (Luke 17:20). In other words, it is not same particular part of the physical world. Another point that should be mentioned is that the Kingdom of God marks a new age in the development of the world. For example, in Luke 16:16 it is suggested that preaching of the new Gospel reflected the transition from old Jewish centered faith to new, international one. So, the actual appearance of the Kingdom will be a major event in the history of humanity. In Mark 10:15 it is stated that if people want to enter the Kingdom of God they should have a child like faith. This is particularly important since it suggests that many people should work on themselves to develop this kind of faith. It is quite obvious that one of the major characteristics of Kingdom of God is love which is the concept that is promoted by Jesus Christ (Mark 12:32). All this results in the understanding that the Kingdom will be based on Christian ideas. Finally, Kingdom of God will come to the Earth unexpectedly, as it was depicted in the parable of Ten Virgins (Matthew 25: 1-13). This means that people should be aware that every minute might be the last and act accordingly: refrain from sinning in order to get into the Kingdom of God.

Stage III Final Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stage III Final Project - Essay Example Through the Human Resource Information System (HRIS), current problems on recruitment, maintenance, development of human resources; as well as complying with payroll and accounting requirements would be ultimately solved. The ADP Workforce Now answers Castle’s Family Restaurant’s governance and management of HR needs. Through the system, any increases in future personnel requirements through additional employment or even through the establishment of new branches could be addressed with greater ease and accessibility. All personnel who would be required to handle the software system would be trained and oriented on its use, functionality and benefits for the organization. More importantly, the ADP Workforce Now would be designed to cater to the organization’s distinct needs and would adhere to standards of privacy and confidentiality by instituting safety guards and software precautions. The ADP Workforce Now ensures that Castle’s Family Restaurant’s HR needs would be maintained and guarded with utmost care to address the organization’s utmost resources.Introduction The client, Castle’s Family Restaurant, operated and managed by Jay Morgan, is a micro family enterprise within the service classification of the food retail industry. With its eight restaurants within the North California area, managing and overseeing the human resource requirements of Castle’s was creating a toll on Mr. Morgan in terms of increasing transportation costs and the inclusion of payroll under his scope of responsibilities. A close evaluation and review of the current problem of Castle’s Family Restaurant that requires an installation of a Human Resources Information System (HRIS) under the Tactical Information System type. The ADP Workforce Now has been evaluated as the most appropriate HRIS vendor to serve the restaurants’ human resources’ needs. Company Review The Castle’s Family Restaurant (CFR) falls under the micro family enterprise due to the number of employees, ranging from 300 to 400. As research from the Small Business Administration (SBA) reveals, the business size could be determined depending on any one of two factors: the number of employees or the average annual receipts. For an average number of 500 employees, SBA classifies the business as a small business (Small Business Administration, N.D.). Since CFR’s average number of employees is less than 500, it is thereby categorized as a micro enterprise owned by a Castle’s family. Additional research indicated that the restaurant industry is a growing industry with trends indicating increased competition and a demand for rising work force (National Restaurant Association, 2011). One could deduce that to address increasing requirements for human resources, a more professionalized system needs to be set in place. Business Analysis The CFR maintains eight restaurants with complex human resources requirements. Mr. Morgan, the operations manager, is likewise assuming the responsibilities of an HR manager with functions ranging from job description, acquisition, development, and maintenance. By doing so, various problems are eminent: overburdened with responsibilities increasing tendencies to neglect functions; and being more costly in terms of transportation co

Good Deeds by Tyler Perry Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Good Deeds by Tyler Perry - Movie Review Example He has been pulled over in many instances by the police found driving under influence of alcohol. In the afternoon, he and his brother meets their mother, Wilimena (Phylicia Rashad) over lunch at a local restaurant to sort out family issues, she is not happy with what Walter is turning out to. The marriage arrangements continue with the mother heading to meet her daughter in law at a bridal shop, Wilimena suggestively asks Natalie to act as a bride already, by planning with her husband for future family size. However, things do not go as planned since Wesley and Natalie are not compatible, he is not happy in the union. The story is believable in some instances as there are cases of influential members of the society who despite their achievements, look into other areas for emotional fulfillment. Wesley is engaged to Natalie, who is just another symbol of their family business as she focuses on driving him to higher success levels, pushed on by their parents. Lindsay (Thandie Newton), a struggling single parent living in deplorable parts of the town, comes in to give Wesley a new experience. She is a janitor at Wesley’s corporation who heads home to find that her door will be locked by the landlord if she does not pay her rent soon. As she goes to her workplace to pick her cheque so she settles the bill, a confrontation with her boss over parking space gives her an opportunity to meet her boss over dinner a few days later, when he opted to quell their past differences over a meal (Baumgarten, 2012). In realistic terms, it is difficult to find a business executive sincerely dedicating part of his busy schedule to for less fortunate people unless it is a public relations gimmick. During this time, Wesley is introduced to the other side of life when he learns that Lindsay and her daughter Ariel (Jordenn Thompson) have nowhere to go after eviction from their rented house. She lives in area where families are torn, living in deplorable conditions. He gets emot ional when empathizing with the family for the state they are in; this created a bond between them. He helps Lindsay get back on her feet by renting for her and her daughter an apartment. This quality depicts Wesley as a family man who takes his time to listen to the less fortunate members of the community, and decides, within his ability to help out. A union that threatens his marriage gradually develops as he learns more about this interesting family. He and Natalie then realise they cannot make their marriage work and should stop pleasing their parents by calling it quits. In realistic instances, chances of a business executive marrying a janitor is almost negligent, the rich tends to associate at their level, and marry at family interests. It goes to extreme levels when Wesley, with his stature and business commitments, resigns from family business and places it under a new chief executive to travel abroad and live a low key life. Compassion and care is a central theme, Wesley, despite his brother’s frequent misbehavior, goes ahead to make sure he lives a fulfilling life. The family did not throw Walter to the dungeons due to his excessive drinking. He picks him daily as he heads to work; this is despite his tight schedule. He also recognizes him as an integral part of his family unit; this is seen in the way he is invited in family discussions and they intervene by advising him to change his ways. Wilimena urges him at a family lunch

Elements Of Property Offences In UK Essay Example for Free

Elements Of Property Offences In UK Essay INTRODUCTION In most societies today, property offences have become prevalent in most courts of law. There have been cases of property offences here and there in most countries of the world. United Kingdom is not exceptional when it comes to the issue of property offences; therefore, in this seminar presentation a succinct or close examination of property offences in the United Kingdom shall be the focus of our discussion. This will prepare the young and potential layers in colleges for their impending mock law examination. Thus, this paper is a pathway to success in the area of criminal law, as it will broaden the horizon of students stressing in criminal law, particularly in the area property offences. AN OVERVIEW OF PROPERTY OFFENCES   Ã‚   There are wide varieties or kinds of property offences under both the common law and the statue law as initiated by the parliament. Understanding of what is term common law becomes imperative here; the common law is the law which has been built up by judges making decisions over centuries. We refer to the judges’ law as â€Å"precedents†, which it is offer called in most courts today. Like the case above, understanding of property offences; the main statue law passed by the parliament of New South Wales which deals with property offences is the crimes Act 1900, which has been amended by the parliament many times since it was enacted. Property offences thus involve extremely complicated relationships between the property itself, whose property it is and whether or not it is in someone’s possession, and what relationship or understanding there is between the accused and the victim about the property. It is therefore very important to take cursory examination of the various issues that can arise from property offences. This will provide enough insight and information to a better understanding of property offences. The most common offences are larceny, receiving and malicious damage, which shall be treated below. It is an offence under the Crime Act of 1900 in New South Wales to commit larceny. Thus the maximum penalty for such given by the statute is 5 years goal. The meaning or elements of the offence of larceny are governed by the common law, or judge-made law, which have built up over the years with judicial decisions. The elements of the offence of larceny are well established and have been summarized thus. A person must without the consent of the owner, fraudulently and without claim of right made in good faith, take and carry away, anything capable of being stolen, with intent at the time of such taking permanently to deprive the owner of that property. As shown here, each of these elements contain facts which would have to be proven beyond reasonable doubts by the prosecution for the offence to be proved in court. A typical example is that if a person walks into a shop and takes a bag of rice from and walks out intending to keep the bag of rice for himself or herself, and without any permission or right to do so, that person is guilty of larceny. Shop lifting is the most common form of larceny. However, if the facts are charged straightly, the prosecution cannot succeed. This means that if the person who took the bag of rice does not intend to permanently deprive the owner of the rice, then he does not commit larceny. If the bag of rice actually becomes to the person because he or she paid for it in the shop earlier that day and left it in the shop to be collected later, then there is no case of larceny because the person a claim of right and ownership. The variations on the facts are many and every case is haled depending on its own facts in the law court. ACTUS REUS AND MENS REA The actus reus-sometimes called the external element of a crime is a Latin term for the guilty act which, when proved beyond reasonable doubt in combination with the mens rea, i.e. the â€Å"guilty mind† produces criminal liability in common law-based on criminal law jurisdiction of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Scotland, and the United States. According to Allen, Michael â€Å"In criminal law, mens rea—the Latin term for â€Å"guilty mind† is usually one of the necessary elements of crime. The standards common law test of criminal liability is usually expressed in Latin phrase; actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea, which means that the act does not make a person guilty unless the mind is also guilty†. Thus in jurisdictions with due process, there must be an actus reus accompanied by some level of mens rea to constitute the crime with which the defendant is charged. In this sense, mens rea refers to the mental element of the offence that accompanied the actus reus. In some jurisdictions, the terms mens rea and actus reus have been superseded by alternative terminology. However, there are four general classes of mens rea which its words may vary from one state to another. These include (1) intention (2) knowledge (3) Recklessness (4) negligence. A GENERAL INTRODUCTION INTO THEFT BY THEFT ACT 1968, ROBBERY – S. 8(1) The Act 1960 (1968c. 60) is an act of the parliament of the United Kingdom, governing most of the general property offences in English law. On 15 January 2007, the Fraud Act 2006 came into force, repeating most of the offences f deception. Historically, the Theft Act 1960 resulted from the efforts of the Criminal Law Revision committee to reform the English law of Theft. The Larceny Act 1916 had codified the common law, including Larceny itself, but it remained a complex web of offences. The intention of the Theft Act 1968, was to replace the existing law of larceny and other deception related offences, by single enactment, creating a more coherent body of principles that would allow the law to evolve to meet a new salvations. The Act was assented to on July 26th, 1968. To understand Theft by Theft Act, the basic definition of theft itself becomes imperative. THEFT; DEFINITION In the criminal Law, theft (also known as stealing) is â€Å"the illegal taking of another persons property without that person’s freely-give consent. As a term, it is used as shorthand for all major crimes against property, encompassing offences such as burglary, embezzlement, larceny, looting, robbery, mugging, trespassing, shop lifting, intrusion, fraud (theft by deception) and sometimes criminal conversion†. Theft is offer considered to be synonymous with larceny. In this work, theft has replaced larceny. Therefore, someone who carries out an act o for makes career of theft known as a thief. Therefore, a person shall be guilty of theft if he dishonestly appropriate, property belonging to another with the intention of permanently depriving the other of it. DETAILS OF THEFT TO THEFT ACT 1968 THEFT ACT 1968, AGGRAVATED BURGLARY. ROBBERY = P. A person is guilty of robbery if he steals, and immediately before or at the time of doing so, and in order to do so, he uses force on any person or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being there and there subjected to force. This means in a clear and simple term that the victim of such robbery is subjected to either physical or mental torture. This is a strategy employ by the robber to accompany his / her mission. In this case, a typical example is relevant. Take for instance, Mr. Johnson and Alfred entered a hotel with a gun and shot to the air to intimidate the customers and the workers, collected monies and other valuables from them, on their way out of the hotel, they were caught by the alerted patrol team of the police, in this situation Alfred and Mr. Johnson are guilty of robbery. A person guilty of robbery or of an assaults with intent to rob, shall on conviction on indictment be liable to imprisonment for life. This should be the case of Alfred and Mr. Johnson exemplified above. BURGLARY A person is guilty of burglary if: He enters any building or part of a building as a trespasser, he steals or attempts to steal anything in the building or that part of tit or inflicts or attempts to inflict on any person therein any grievous bodily harm. The offences referred to in sub-section 1(a) above are offences of stealing anything in the building or part of a building in question, of inflicting on any person therein any grievous bodily harm or (raping any person therein, and of doing unlawful damage to the building or anything therein. iii.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A person guilty of burglary shall be on conviction on indictment be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding; Where the offence was committed in respect of a building or part of a building which is a dwelling fourteen years; In any other case, ten years. References in subsections (1) and (2) above to a building, and the reference in subsection (3) above to a building which is a dwelling, shall apply also to an inhabited vehicle or vessel, and shall apply to any such vehicle or vessel at times when the person having a habitation in it is not there as well as at times when he is. A good example of a person who seems to be guilty of burglary is established thus; Mr. Ali broke into Mr. John’s room, while he is away in Germany, on leaving, the security caught him, and dragged him to the court; John Mr. Ali’s action, he is guilty of burglary and is liable to face the charges and all the penalties. OBTAINING PROPERTY BY DECEPTION. S. 15    Any property acquire without the consent of the own through any form of dubious means is said to be a crime. Take for instance, it a vehicle is taken with the consent of the owner, it is said to be legal, however when consent if ignored, it is then said to be deception. Another good example is when one put up a force identity to hire a car. This overlaps with the 15 offences of obtaining property or services by deception. Taking by force may be robbery when defendant did not intend the victim to recover the car at all or so seriously damaged that it amounts to theft. It the evidence is insufficient for theft, the alternative charges are aggravated vehicle taking or blackmailing under S21. â€Å"Note that S12 (7) protects the interest of people hiring or buying under a hire purchase agreement deeming them to be the owner for the purposes of S12†. http.//en/wikipedia.org/wiki/IWOCH/ without the consent of the owner. AVERSION OF LIABILITY BY DECEPTION UNDER S.2 – D THEFT ACT 1979 Forgery is the process of making or adapting objects or documents 9see false document), with the intent to deceive. The similar crime of fraud is the crime of deceiving another including through the use of objects obtaining through forgery. Copies, studios replies, and reproductions are not considered forgeries, though they may later become forgeries through knowing and willful misattributions. In the 16th century imitators of Albrecht Durer’s style of print making improved the market for their own prints by signing them â€Å"AD†, making them forgeries. In the 20th century the art market made forgeries highly profitable. There are widespread forgeries of especially valued artists, such as drawings meant to be by Picasso, Nee, and matisse. This usage of â€Å"forgery† does not derive from metal work done at â€Å"forge†, but it has a parallel history. A sense of â€Å"to counterfeit† is already in the Anglo-French verb forger â€Å"falsify†. Forgery is one of the techniques of fraud, including identity theft. Forgery is one of the threats that have to be addressed by security engineering. A forgery is essentially concerned with a produced or altered object. Where the prime concern of forgery is less focused on the object itself – what it is worth or what it proves† – than on a tacit statement of criticism that is revealed by reactions the object provokes in others, then the larger process is a hoax. In a hoax, a rumor or a genuine object â€Å"planted† in a concocted situation, may substitute for a gorged physical object. OBTAINING A MONEY TRANSFER THROUGH DECEPTION Obtaining a money transfer by deception (1) alter section 15 of the (1968 c. 60) theft Act 1968 insert – â€Å"is a obtaining a money transfer by deception A person is guilty of an offence if by any deception he dishonestly obtains a money transfer for himself or another. A money transfer occurs when – a debit is made to one account a credit is made to another account the credit results from debit results from the credit References to a credit and to a debit are to a credit of an amount of money and to a debit of an amount of money. It is immaterial (in particular) – whether the amount credited is the same as the amount debited whether the money transfer is effected on presentment of cheque or by another method whether any delay occurs in the process by which the money transfer effected. Whether any intermediate credits or debits are made in the course of the money transfer. Whether either of the accounts is overdrawn before or after the money transfer is affect. A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable in conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding tem years. 15 B section 15A: supplementary (1) the following provisions have effect for the interpretation of section 15A of this Act. â€Å"Deception† has the same meaning as in section 15 of this Act. â€Å"Account means an account kept with – a bank or a person carrying on a business which falls within subsection (4) below A business falls within subsection if – in the curse of the business money received by way of deposit is lent to others; or any other activity of the business is financed wholly or to any material extent, out of the capital of r the interest on money received by way of deposit. For the purpose of subsection (4) above – all the activities which a person carries on by way of business shall be regarded as a single business carried on by him; and â€Å"money† includes money expressed in a currency other then sterling in the European currency unit (as defined in council regulation N. 3320/94/EC or any community instrument replacing it†. Nothing in this section has effect in relation to anything done before the day on which this act is passed. Dishonesty retaining a wrongful credit (1) after section 24 of the theft Act 1968 insert – 24 a dishonestly retaining a wrongful credit (1) A person is guilty of an offence if – a wrongful credit has been made to an account kept by him or in respect of which he has any right or interest. He knows or believes that the credit is wrongful; and he dishonestly fails to take such steps as are reasonable in the circumstances to secure that the credit is cancelled. References to a credit are to a credit of an amount of money. A credit to an account is also wrongful if it is the credit side of money transfer obtained contrary to section 15A of this Act; The few sited examples should do as they have clearly established the meaning of deception in the case of money transfer. Conclusively thus, this piece of work is a pathway to a great success in the area of criminal law in relation to students who are preparing for their mock examination. In this regards, the student of criminal law, at the end this seminar paper presentation will be sure that they won’t be ridiculed by any kind of question that might likely confront them. Thus, this paper is a total and holistic review of Theft by Theft Act of 1968 under the U.K criminal law. The paper thus is an eye opener to the students as many thing, would become quite clear to them. REFERENCES Allen Michael (2005) Criminal Law. Oxford. Oxford University Press. //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TWOC without the content of the owner.

Role Of Editors And Editing Styles Film Studies Essay

Role Of Editors And Editing Styles Film Studies Essay In the early Stages, editing was done, with the help of mechanical equipment that appropriately put together linearly edited reels. The digital revolution and technological advances have magically simplified the post-production process. With various types of easy, interactive software applications, editing is not restricted to professionally trained editors and apprentices, but also made it possible for film students, amateurs and one-time users to edit their own film or video productions. With technology advancing in the speed of light-years, editing in film and TV production has gained a pivotal role. This research paper focuses more on editing styles, and the role of editors in film, and also about various editing techniques used in the film. This Paper focuses on the study of editing and about the various techniques and different features of editing. This research is also focused on the role of editing in film making like how editing make the film more effective. So this dissertation is concentrated on definition of editing types, how editing differ in various film genre, Importance of camera a shots and angles Study about editing The paper states that how film get life in the editing room. Also how editing makes the film more effective This research helps to study the editors mind and how the editors are playing with the shots to make the film better. The dissertation makes every one to understand the basic concepts and importance of editing in filmmaking Editing is an art we can play around it. The editing has its own principles. The editing has its own reason for every cut and every transition, effects and all. In the editing room the film has rearranging by the sequence, scene, shot, take we can see all this aspects detail in following research. Introduction Chapter 1 | Introduction Editing is one of the challenge aspects in film making. The films are getting their full forms in editing room. In the process of film making editing plays the major role. I will say that editing is the backbone of the film. Most of the people will compare the filmmaking process to the birth of the baby. Regarding this example the filmmaker is the father of the film but the editor plays the role of the doctor who makes the baby born safely to the world. The film is the huge aspect when the concept is rising from the creator mind and till it delivered to the people it crossing various levels. Once the film enter inside the editing room are in editing level thats the turning point of the film. The flow, tempo, screenplay, and more things are getting entered in side the film like the ingredients in the cake Most of the people think that the editor will do the rearrange the shots in order. Of course the editor will do the rearrangement, but he do lot of things more than that to make the film better to the audience. Every editor is differing from one another and every editor has their own way of editing style. In the film making the producer, the writer, the director, the cinematographer the actor and the editor plays the key role. The other people also contribute a lot. The editor role starts once when the production begins. He will be making a rough assembly of shots. Thus how the editor begins in the film making. When production get over the editor starts his assault with film. He plays with the shots to find the continuity and the connectivity between the sound and the visual of the film this will create the dramatic way of filming. It makes the film more effective. The editors are very important to make a film more emotions. He makes the audience to forget the cut of the shots. Thus he achieves his goal. The editor, the director and the producer are the three points to make the triangle called film. Here the editor has to know the thoughts of the director and t he producer. The other two the same they all have to read the other two people this make the edit in rhythmic way. Mark berger who was the re-recorder mixer on apocalypse now states that learning about the techniques of postproduction is similar to learning about the techniques of classical music (Declan mcgrath -editing post-production screen craft 1998) 1. | Aim The dissertation aim is to critically evaluate how editing makes the film more effective 2. | Objectives Short history Definition of editing Types of editing Analyze the aspects of editing Role of editing in films Principles of editing To analyze the films which awarded for editing To analyze the film which failed because of editing The film editors point of view 3. | statement of the problem To evaluate is the editing makes the film more effective. 4. | significance of the study This research paper will make clear the concept of editing. And the researcher can know more about the editing. I like to be an editor so it will support me a lot. This research is not only to study the editing. It explore the editor mind and editing concepts to the world Most of the people are thinking editing is just a job this research states them its not only a job its a creative art. This brief research will tell about this creative art this research is helpful do my project. And become an editor. This paper will help the people who are trying to be a good editor and to achieve their goal. It will be the direction board for new editor. It helps to change the concept of editing in peoples mind. It makes the editor to view the film in different perspective. The research helps the editor to study the filmmakers mind and give the exact cuts for their films. 5. | Research Questions What is editing? What are the types of editing? Is their any common rules followed by editors? How editing differ in various genre? How editing controls the tempo of film? How editing make the film better to view with more interest? How films are awarded in the categories of editing? How to study the filmmakers mind? Is editing took place more than the script? Is editors own style of cut make s the film good or bad? Chapter 2 Review of Literature Chapter 2 | Review of Literature In this fast moving world peoples took a short period of time for their entertainment. Film is one of the biggest entertainments for the people. So is our duty to give a quality entertainment film to the people. For this editing helps out a lot to achieve the full quality full length film. The literature which tells about the editing and it types, the history of editing and how it evolved from the past to present, the technique and principles of editing, tells whos the editor?, what he does? , whats his role in the film? And more 1. | Literature Review Film and video editing  By Roger Crittenden in the year 1995, this book gives the detail study of the film and technology of editing, the editing procedures, languages in editing. Its a great book to know about the editing in every perspective. And also he given the great examples from the past and the present film which shows the editors cut On film editing: an introduction to the art of film construction By Edward Dmytryk in 1984. It is a great book which shows the editing in all terms with the examples. The book tells the editor to what he wants to do in editing. Also the book has a great introduction. It covers the techniques and principles of editing. Film editing: history, theory and practice: looking at the invisible By Don Fairservice. In 2001. The book tells the challenging aspects of editing from the beginning to now. It tells the history and how the editing evolves and a detailed study about various aspects of editing. The technique of film and video editing: history, theory, and practice By Ken Dancyger third edition 2002. This book tells the editing in editors point of view. This book covered from the history techniques followed by the editors. It expresses the principles and way to cut for the different genre of films. Its the great book and inspiration for all the editors and directors. This book tells the ideas and the styles of the editors. The book can easily understandable. The technique of film editing  By Karel Reisz, Gavin Millar in 1953, it is an inspired book which states all the form of editing in simple way to all the people who wants to know about the film and the editing. It feeds the history definition, practice, principles, techniques, every aspects of editing. And it tells who the editor is. Its a great book for everyone. Nonlinear editing basics: electronic film and video editing By Steven E. Browne in 1998, the book states the editing basics. It tells all the technical basics of non-linear editing. Where it has to use? And it tells the different aspects of nonlinear editing. This book is the best guidance for the editors to non linear cut. In the Blink of an Eye: Second Edition Walter Murch in 2001. This book gives a nice ride to the editing world. Walter murch given this book in different perspective, He expresses the continuity and discontinuity in editing, dreaming and waking reality; the book states the emotional, technical aspects of editing. Nonlinear editing: storytelling, aesthetics, and craft By Bryce Button in 2002. This book is very use ful to all the editors. And it conveys the editors for their tools and techniques. And it tells the readers the importance of the emotion, timing the cut and the exact flow and pace. Film editing: the art of the expressive By Valerie Orpen in 2003. This book gives a simple introduction to the craft of editing in the non-silent film; the other tells the editing is very expressive. She examines the editing from the silent cinema. The Eye is Quicker: Film Editing Making a Film Better Richard D. Pepperman 2004 the most comprehensive book on the principles, methods, and strategies vital to the creative art of film editing. It shows how editing can make the film better. The Film Editing Room Handbook: How to Tame the Chaos of the Editing Room  by Norman Hollyn in 2009. The reader will get full vision of film making from this book. This book states the each and every aspect in film making process. It tells the work flow and how the film is edit in the cutting room. What the editor will do? Its a great book the reader can get many things about the filming and filming process from this book. Editors guild magazine by the editor deba neil (vol.25, no2-march/april 2003) she tells her different experience in different film genre. How the cut differ from the various type of films. Film editing: Tips and techniques for creating a compelling story by andy coughlan. The review tells about the editors must under stood the directors mind and the script. Also it tells some working tips in editing http://www.wildsound-filmmaking-feedback-events.com/film-editing.html the site tells about the editing techniques and two basic methods to edit the film. And also states some ideas to edit the film. http://www.introtoediting.com/ Copyright  © 2007 by Christina B. Douglas the site states about the editing in editors point of view. She explores her thoughts about the editing here and makes sense what is editing to the people. http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Film_editing Copyright  © 2010 Film editing is the only art that is unique to cinema, and it covers about the editing and its history. And more about the editing concerns. The above literature review helps this paper to evolve more and know more about the editing and filmmaking aspects. All the above books, reviews and sites are the guidance for this research paper. All the above literatures are inspired me to know more about the editing and experience the art and craft of editing. Research Methodology Chapter 3 | Research Methodology This paper carries the qualitative and quantitative process. The content and the other concerns for this research paper from the secondary source like literature, article, websites, books and forums for the qualitative and the interview and survey for the quantitative. The research for this paper will base on this resource on both qualitative and quantitative. It explains about the editing and it helps to know more about the various phenomena of editing. The resources here is used to make this research to states the following editing aspects in both qualitative and quantitative research Based on the research paper to tell and know about the editing Definition, History, Types, Rules and Techniques, editing language, types of cut, about editor, about cutting room, tells how cut differ from films and editors, and more The paper will be reviewing the films which awarded for editing. And more other films based on editing In the quantitative research the research paper states the editors mind. And their own fun and works in films through cut. And to find the cut tricks and techniques which make the film better and effective. The research will be hardly holds the every resource of both qualitative and quantitative to critically evaluate how editing makes the film more effective which is my aim in this paper.

The Artwork of Leonardo Da Vinci Essays -- Art History

The Artwork of Leonardo Da Vinci â€Å"Sometimes the heavens endow a single individual with such beauty, grace and abilities that, whatever he does, he leaves all other men far behind, thus demonstrating that his genius is a gift of god and not an acquirement of human art.† (1) Giorgio Vasari. On April 15, 1452, Leonardo Da Vinci was born as an illegitimate child. Even with this setback, he was soon educated and his passion for art began to flourish. Growing up through the years in one of the most important cities in the world at that time, Florence, Leonardo had many different and exciting experiences. Not much information is known about his youth. He created a few paintings in that time, but only a few are still in existence today. One experience he had during this time was in his early 30’s. He was caught committing homosexual acts with a man that posed for him in a painting he had made. Leonardo was tried for this in Milan, but no evidence came through to prove that he was guilty. (2) Now there is evidence still being found about his life, and this experience, that would determine his sexuality. Still he prospered as an artist and his work flourished during his lifetime. Leonardo created many paintings that spurred from his own imagination, but most of them wer e based on events happening in his life. (3) One of his great masterpieces that influenced his life was The Last Supper. This creation is probably one of the two most famous paintings he has done, and one of the few still around today. It is one of his most popular creations, and was attempted at restoration many times. These attempts never fully succeeded, but progress has been made over the years. There is much hassle about the restoration and preservation of... ...nd the subjects in them. The Last Supper, the Mona Lisa, and the Horse for the Duke all told a little bit about his life. His art influenced his life and his life influenced his art. Leonardo created many paintings that spurred from his own imagination, but most of them were based on events happening in his life. He was a great Renaissance man who will be remembered for centuries to come. Bibliography Cianchi, Marco. Leonardo Da Vinci’s Machines. Milan: Becocci Editore, 1984. Cooper, Margaret. The Inventions Of Leonardo Da Vinci. New York: The Mcmillan Company, 1965 Mannering, Douglas. The Art of Leonardo Da Vinci. New York: Excalibur Books, 1981 Santi, Bruno. Leonardo Da Vinci. Italy: Harper & Row Publishers, 1983 Wallace, Robert. The World of Leonardo. New York: Time Incorporated, 1971 Leonardo Da Vinci Museum. http://www.davinci-museum.com/

Piercing the Corporate Veil Essay -- Papers

Piercing the Corporate Veil Since the establishment in Salomon v Salomon, the separate legal personality has been long recognised in English law for centuries, that is to say, a limited liability company has its own legal identity distinct from its shareholders or directors. However, in certain circumstances the courts may be prepared to look behind the company at the actions of the directors and shareholders. This is known as "piercing the corporate veil". There are numerous cases concerning the "piercing the corporate veil", among which, Jones v Lipman[1] was a typical case. Lipman sold land to Jones by a written contract but refused to complete the sale because of another good deal, instead he offered damages for breach of contract. To put the house out of reach of Jones, he bought a company "off the shelf" and conveyed the house to it. In an action against Lipman and the company, the court granted the specific performance and ruled that "the defendant company is the creature of the first defendant, a device and ...

New friends vs Old friends Essay

Friendship is one of the most important relationships of people in their daily lives. It’s certainly a blessing if you have a lot of friends in your life. People make friends because they want to interact with someone who has the same interests and share their experiences and feelings. Some people think it is more important to keep one’s old friends than it is to make new friends. However, in my opinion, I cannot agree with this view one hundred percent, I think making new friends is also important in my life. First of all, encountering a new environment is a big challenge for many people. They will face a lot of troubles when trying to adapt to this new circumstance. Making new friends is a way that helps people to deal with those problems. For example, when I was a freshman in university, I felt strange about everything on campus since the campus is much larger than my high school. At that time, I made some new friends in my classroom. We often do some interesting things like playing electric games, hiking and fishing. Thanks to my friends, I had an exciting first year in my university and I did not felt frustrated any more. Secondly, making new friends is a good chance to practice social skills. In modern society, no task can be done by a single person. More and more business require people who not only specialists in their fields, but also skilled in social interaction. Given the need for collaboration, social skills and team spirit are necessary qualities for any successful person. Through the process of making new friends, we could learn how to catch people’s attention, how to introduce yourself, how to start a conversation, how to be a good listener and how to pursue common interests. The social skills will be a foundation stone in our successful career life. Thirdly, even though you have a great deal of friends, it doesn’t mean you have good quality friends. The best friendships are the ones that nurture you and help you grow to be a more complete person. Perhaps you have not met those one or two key friends who â€Å"get† you and will help you to feel comfortable. Therefore, don’t be afraid to get out and meet new friends, because one of them might unexpectedly change your life for the better.

Bad behavior in school Essay

There are many reasons that make students behave badly such as: lack of discipline, too many students in one classes. Futhermore parents are too lenient and spoil their childrens. Therefore we need to find the way to reduce these problems. I think the most obvious solution is the president of school should make hard punishment to the students are indicipline. For example when students are not go to class on time or they skip the class the teacher will call their parents to told them what their children do. By doing this students will behave better. A further step is government should open more school in rural. For instance they invest more money in education, technology and supply the funds to build schools. Consequently, students will have chance to study in better class and it’s easier for teacher to teach. Futhermore, parents should be encourage to spend more time for teaching their childrens. As a result students will behave better. There are a lot of causes leading to the bad behaviors of the students in the class. The most obvious problem is the lack of discipline not only in school but also at home. For example, interrupting the conversation is such a rude to many people especially the elder. However, many families and schools neglect or have no particular punishment for this bad manner. Day by day, as a result, it can become an impolite communication habit when the children talk with other people. In my opinion, giving priority to have a clear code of conduct and set rules about behavior is the best solution to this problem. It means that the teachers and the parents had better tell the children what they can or can not do in the class. for instance, the students must go to school on time and pay attention to the lessons or they have to clean the class alone in 1 week as a punishment. By doing this, the children can get used to obeying the rules and behaving better and better in the class. In addition to the shortage of discipline, disruptive students may come from the unstable family background. Reality has shown that many students with bad manners having unhappy family. They have to live with the grandparents, father or mother only because of early divorce or death of their parents. Living in such situation can causes many troubles for the teenagers. In other words, if the live without the strictness of the father, the love of the mother and good advice of the siblings, they will have a lot  of difficulty in solving their own problems, which can result in many negative thinking or behaviors in the class. In this case, care from the teachers and friends seem to help them become good citizens. In reality, many devoted teachers come to the student’s house to find out the problems they have to encounter. Therefore, they can take steps to remove the students from trouble. For example, if the students have to suffer from a cruel father reproaching them all day, the teacher can help them thanks to the support of the school, society and even the law. With the help of the school, the children are able to develop in normal way and build good character in the life without so many troubles.

Is History True? Essay

Historical theories are just like any theory – are subject to controversy among different populations and groups. Two of the most imminent historians, Oscar Handlin and William McNeil gave interesting viewpoints backed up by strong points. In Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in American History, Volume II, gave an interesting overview of how these two elite historians are able to state their points so clearly. As highly influenced as their works are which allowed me to see from within their internal â€Å"window;† I find myself agreeing more with Handlin’s perspective. According to Oscar Handlin from Truth in History (1979), gave a startling concept of how historical truth is based on the obvious evidences – those that we can understand and interpret. Handlin gave implicit indications that history does ring truth due to the fact that our current evidence of the past should be based on thoughtful analysis and not just necessary based on numerical or statistical evidence as those obtained by scientific measures. Oscar Handling says that evidence is chronological, evidence is vocabulary, and evidence is context. Fact is something of common ground for all historians despite the difference in their interpretation and that scientific methods must be used to distinguish between fact and opinions. McNeil on the other hand, have a different opinion on this matter. McNeil speculates that historical truth is not influence by the desires or vision of the viewer, but is actually solid scientific evidence itself. McNeil’s essay, â€Å"Truth, Myth, and History†, gave an emphasis on the falsehood of historical truth, and also highlights the idea that it have no â€Å"scientific methodology† behind it, making it nothing but judgments, choices, and interpretive opinions. McNeil believe that all the â€Å"evidence† becomes nothing but a type of collection, almost like in literature for the reader to understand and interpret but does not give a credible â€Å"meaning or intelligibility to the record of the past. † McNeil argues that truth is more likely a myth and distinguished by different groups in different situation at different time. In other words, historical truth is more like the way with which one interprets the material depending on their circumstance and environment. Almost like a self-fulfilled prophecy of the human mind and not actual facts. He further speculates that every culture has its own version of truth; truth about its own culture as well as the â€Å"truth† about other cultures. Truth to one person may not be truth to another. He later concludes that all these outside forces of culture, background, relationships, and society affect the level of truth whether the individual realizes it or not. History tends to be biased based because they heavily relied on what the truth means to each person in a personal manner. McNeil believes that history is a myth and becomes self validating. In my analysis of the work of these two striking viewpoints, I must admit that I agree more with Handling for a variety of factors. McNeil gives implications of his viewpoints on the truth and validity of history and how he feels that scientific evidence must be present for history to be consider a truth. I find this to be a flawed approach because to base every piece of knowledge upon â€Å"scientific evidence† has a bit of hypocritical ring to it. It is also important to point out that current historical findings are not found according to historical viewpoints alone, but is a mixture of scientific technology and many experts from all categorical discipline that weave up our current knowledge of history as well. Just because we can’t prove something doesn’t mean it does not exist unless we can prove that it is indeed nonexistent. I believe that as humans, we all have an original curiosity for what we know now and just because something cannot be measured scientifically does not necessary label it as untrue. For instance, psychology was once considered â€Å"untrue† by scientific standards but have now find its way into the scientific arena. On the other hand, scientific evidence are not always â€Å"true† when new evidence proves that the previous â€Å"truth† is indeed false. This gave me reasons to believe that it is better to take on a flexible approach when it comes to historical evidence. In defense of Handling’s viewpoint, historians also use scientific tools such as DNA replications and half-life techniques to determine the age and location of its artifacts. The truth in History is off course, as important as the truth in any discipline. History is based on facts derived from the past and thus provides a solid foundation on the truth of the information obtained. Historians are able to obtain the historical information from different locations and find sources of evidence or those leading to evidence. The truth in history is thus, built on the foundation of facts and grounded in common knowledge and understanding. History is depended upon to develop a society and used as a tool to correct political mistakes of the past. Historians have the necessary skills and tools to analyze and validate historical events, evidence, and facts – as much as scientists have the skills and advanced technology to analyze scientific evidence. Therefore, Harding’s theory is more accepting and that history is indeed based on the truth and knowledge of historical evidence and the foundation of our diverse understanding and development as a civilized community. Work Cited: Handlin, Oscar. Truth in history. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap P, 1979. Madaras, Larry, and James M. SoRelle. Taking Sides Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in American History, Vol. II. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000. Schwandner, Stephanie. Albanian Identities Myth and History. New York: Indiana UP, 2002.

History of Holy Roman Emperor Otto I (Otto the Great)

History of Holy Roman Emperor Otto I (Otto the Great) Otto the Great (Nov. 23, 912- May 7, 973), also known as  Duke Otto II of Saxony, was known for consolidating the German  Reich  and making significant advances for secular influence in papal politics. His reign is generally considered to be the true beginning of the Holy Roman Empire. He was elected king Aug. 7, 936 and crowned emperor Feb. 2, 962. Early Life Otto was the son of Henry the Fowler and his second wife, Matilda. Scholars know little of his childhood, but it is believed he engaged in some of Henrys campaigns by the time he reached his late teens. In 930 Otto wed Edith, the daughter of Edward the Elder of England. Edith bore him a son and a daughter. Henry named Otto  his successor, and a month after Henrys death, in August of 936, the German dukes elected Otto king. Otto was crowned by the archbishops of Mainz and Cologne at Aachen, the city that had been Charlemagnes favorite residence. He was twenty-three years old. Otto the King The young king was bent on asserting the kind of firm control over the dukes that his father had never managed, but this policy led to immediate conflict. Eberhard of Franconia, Eberhard of Bavaria, and a faction of disgruntled Saxons under the leadership of Thankmar, Ottos half-brother, began an offensive in 937 that Otto swiftly crushed. Thankmar was killed, Eberhard of Bavaria was deposed, and Eberhard of Franconia submitted to the king.   The latter Eberhards submission appeared to be only a facade, for in 939 he joined with Giselbert of Lotharingia and Ottos younger brother, Henry, in a revolt against Otto that was supported by Louis IV of France. This time Eberhard was killed in battle and Giselbert drowned while fleeing. Henry submitted to the king, and Otto forgave him. Yet Henry, who felt he should be king himself in spite of his fathers wishes, conspired to murder Otto in 941. The plot was discovered and all the conspirators were punished except Henry, who was again forgiven. Ottos policy of mercy worked; from then on, Henry was loyal to his brother, and in 947 he received the dukedom of Bavaria. The rest of the German dukedoms also went to Ottos relatives. While all this internal strife was going on, Otto still managed to strengthen his defenses and expand the boundaries of his kingdom. The Slavs were defeated in the east, and part of Denmark came under Ottos control; the German suzerainty over these areas was solidified by the founding of bishoprics. Otto had some trouble with Bohemia, but Prince Boleslav I was forced to submit in 950 and paid tribute. With a strong home base, Otto not only fended off Frances claims to Lotharingia but ended up mediating in some French internal difficulties.   Ottos concerns in Burgundy led to a change in his domestic status. Edith had died in 946, and when the Burgundian princess Adelaide, the widowed queen of Italy, was taken prisoner by Berengar of Ivrea in 951, she turned to Otto for aid. He marched into Italy, took up the title King of the Lombards, and married Adelaide himself.   Meanwhile, back in Germany, Ottos son by Edith, Liudolf, joined together with several German magnates to revolt against the king. The younger man saw some success, and Otto had to withdraw to Saxony; but in 954 the invasion of the Magyars set off problems for the rebels, who could now be accused of conspiring with enemies of Germany. Still, fighting continued until Liudolf at last submitted to his father in 955. Now Otto was able to deal the Magyars a crushing blow at the Battle of the Lechfeld, and they never invaded Germany again. Otto continued to see success in military matters, particularly against the Slavs. Otto the Emperor In May of 961, Otto was able to arrange for his six-year-old son, Otto (the first son born to Adelaide), to be elected and crowned King of Germany. He then returned to Italy to help Pope John XII stand against Berengar of Ivrea. On February 2, 962, John crowned Otto emperor, and 11 days later the treaty known as Privilegium Ottonianum was concluded. The treaty regulated relations between pope and emperor, although whether or not the rule allowing emperors to ratify papal elections was part of the original version remains a matter for debate. It may have been added in December, 963, when Otto deposed John for instigating an armed conspiracy with Berengar, as well as for what amounted to conduct unbecoming a pope.   Otto installed Leo VIII as the next pope, and when Leo died in 965, he replaced him with John XIII. John was not well-received by the populace, who had another candidate in mind, and a revolt ensued; so Otto returned to Italy once more. This time he stayed several years, dealing with the unrest in Rome and heading south into Byzantine-controlled portions of the peninsula. In 967, on Christmas Day, he had his son crowned co-emperor with him. His negotiations with the Byzantines led to a marriage between young Otto and Theophano, a Byzantine princess, in April of 972. Not long afterwards Otto returned to Germany, where he held a great assembly at the court in Quedlinburg. He died in May of 973 and was buried next to Edith in Magdeburg. Resources and Further Reading Arnold, Benjamin.  Medieval Germany, 500-1300: a Political Interpretation. University of Toronto Press, 1997.â€Å"Otto I, the Great.†Ã‚  CATHOLIC LIBRARY: Sublimus Dei (1537), www.newadvent.org/cathen/11354a.htm.REUTER, TIMOTHY.  Germany in the Early Middle Ages c. 800-1056. TAYLOR FRANCIS, 2016.

Essay Sample on Nazi Germany and the Role of Albert Speer

Essay Sample on Nazi Germany and the Role of Albert Speer To what extent did the Nazi leadership rely on terror to maintain their authority in Germany 1933 – 1945? At its core, the Nazi state was indeed a terror state. It is important to remember that Hitler only won so much support through propaganda. There were still those in Germany who were opposed to Hitler’s ideals, or did not conform to his own qualifications. As such, Hitler turned to Heinrich Himmler, the Chief of the German Police and head of the SS. Already in a position of power, it was Himmler who opened the first concentration camp at Dachau. Maned with SS troops, by the end of the war in 1945, there were fifteen more such camps scattered across German occupied territory. It was to these camps that Hitler had sent a wide variety of people. Be they common criminals, political opponents, Jews or homosexuals, anyone who stood in the way of what Hitler saw would be his perfect Germany, or challenged his view, found themselves arrested and quickly transported to a concentration camp. The concentration camps became a crucial component of Hitler’s regime. The conditions inside the camps were appalling, and the prisoners were often treated with incredible cruelty. Some 200,000 people had suffered the concentration camps by 1939. By the end of the war, some three million European Jews had died in the camps. So much so that Himmler created a separate unit of the SS known as the Order of the Death’s Head. A unit that was responsible for the running of the concentration camps, and helped facilitate the murder of millions by the end of the war. A trip to the concentration camps more often then not was a sentence of death. Despite their attempt to hide the atrocities that went on inside the camps, some rumours did manage to leak out. Enigmatic and foreboding, Germans as well as Jews had grown to fear the camps by the end of the war. While not intentionally designed to strike fear into the population, the camps managed to achieve an infamous reputation for people going in, but never coming out. The SS, as a whole, including its many sub groups, came to be of great value to Hitler in controlling the population. Despite technically being a police force, the SS were loyal to Hitler alone, and were placed above the law. Quick and harsh to deal out punishment to anyone unfortunate enough to step out of line, they made no attempts to cover up their actions. The more people who saw it the better, for while violence itself was a detriment to unrest, the threat of it was even more potent. As such people were often arrested in broad daylight, out on the streets. All it took was the slightest display of resistance or even hesitation, and SS troops would willingly beat the ‘criminal’ in submission. Coupled with the SS was the SD and Gestapo. The SD was the intelligent branch of the SS, while the Gestapo was the state secret intelligence. Combined, these two organizations sifted carefully through Germany, weeding out anyone who showed any hint of dissent. They often arrested people with little or no evidence against them bar hearsay, and sentenced them without a trial. Death by firing squad or the gallows usually followed. So intense was the level of fear in Germany that people were afraid to met in public. For while the Gestapo and SD could not possibly spy on every person in Germany, an intricate network of informants kept them apprised of any given situation. It was these informants that allowed the Gestapo and SD to keep such a close eye on the people. These informants themselves weren’t always as organised. One German citizen was quite capable of ‘exposing’ another. Even the Nazi party itself was not safe. In the Night of the Long Knives, 21 June 1934, Hitler ordered a purge of the SA leadership, killing anyone who in anyway opposed him. This purge turned into a massacre when the Nazi’s used it as an excuse to themselves or any other opponents. Describe Albert Speer’s rise through the ranks of the Nazi Party When Speer began his life in the Nazi Party, his position was less then glamorous. In actuality, as a car owner, his job was to ferry party members back and forth between events. In 1930, Speer was given the task of redecorating the Nazi headquarters. Despite all his work and enthusiasm, his work was met with varying opinions. Speer’s early career in the Nazi Party is plagued with these sorts of events. In 1932 after receiving a cut to his salary due to the governments cost-cutting program, and was forced to retire. Back in Berlin in 1932, Speer was offered the chance to decorate Joseph Goebbel’s headquarters. This is considered to be a turning point in Speer’s life, as Hitler himself visited and complimented the work. Speer’s career was filled with these tasks. He would receive a call from Berlin, at which point he would race there only to undergo some minor architectural task. His opportunity came in 1933 when he was called to Berlin by a friend of his, Karl Hanke, now a district organisation leader. Speer happened past Hanke as he was discussing the plans for the May 1st rally to be held at Tempelhof Field when Speer suggested some alterations. Hanke handed the project over to him, challenging him to do better. Speer came up with his ‘cathedral of light’ concept, dozens of search lights pointing upwards, forming a wall around the gathering. Hitler was astounded by the works, and Speer was given the task of seeing to all of the party rallies. Rallies such as Nuremburg in July 1933 helped progress his career further. Later in 1933, under the direction of Paul Troost, Speer was given the task of refurnishing the chancellor’s residence. This brought Speer into close contact with Hitler. Hitler seemed to from a close bond with Speer, whom he considered his superior in architecture, for that was what Hitler say himself as first and foremost. From his point onwards, Speer was in constant contact with Hitler and began to work his way up the ranks from there, until he achieved his highest rank as Minister of Armaments in 1939 Evaluate Albert Speer’s success as Minister of Armaments Overall, it can be seen as somewhat surprising that Speer experienced the success he did in this post, considering that his expertise lay in architecture, not engineering. By the end of 1944, Speer had succeeded in increasing the arms output by upwards of 300%. His accomplishments were capable primarily through what was referred to as â€Å"American methods†. During World War I, and the beginning of World War II, Germany’s armaments industry had been designed to produce weapons for a series of blitzkriegs and was ill suited to meet the demands of long-term warfare. Speer solved this problem by establishing a set of thirteen committees that would each be responsible for the mass production of a standardised weapon, be it tanks, machine guns or ammunition. Each committee was given the needed raw material, a time frame, and left to see to the work. In reference to these committees, Speer also managed to speed up production by removing military bureaucratic red tape from th e whole procedure. Finally, as stated, Speer himself possessed little in the way of engineering or manufacturing ‘know-how’, but was talented in finding faults with the existing system. He overcame this by soliciting Hitler to allow him to employ many talented people who were not members of the Nazi Party. This gave Speer a wide selection of qualified people that were able to deal with the situation in a way that he could not. Why was Speer found guilty at the Nuremberg trial? Speer was found guilty during the 1945-46 trials for the simple matter that he admitted to them, at least in part. Speer claimed that he should take part responsibility for carrying out the orders passed down to him by Hitler, and that in such an totalitarian style government, even the subordinates must shoulder at least some of the responsibility. Straight forward, polite and never evasive, Speer soon earned the title of ‘The good Nazi’. His ready acceptance of guilt was a demonstration to the court that Speer did feel remorse for his actions during the war, and as such the judges were lenient with him.

why the war came Essay Example

why the war came Essay Example why the war came Paper why the war came Paper Lincoln Reconsidered: Essays on the Civil War Era: David Herbert www. amazon. com Americas United States 19th Century David Herbert Donald, Lincoln biographer and winner of the Pulitzer Prize, has it ushered in the process of rethinking the Civil War that continues to this day. Together with a new preface and a thoroughly updated bibliographical essay, Why the North Won the Civil War by David Donald; Richard N Jstor www. Jstor. org/stable/40189706 By David Donald, ed. ; Richard N. Current; T. Harry Williams;. Norman A. Civil War is with us perhaps too much with us Donald will expand on this theme,. [PDF] Why the War Came_001 . f Groton Public Schools www. groton. kl 2. ct. us/ /filedownload. ashx? Why%20the%20War%20 Why the War Came: The Sectional Struggle over Slavery in the TerritorieLincoln Reconsidered: Essays on the Civil War Era: David Herbert www. amazon. com Americas United States 19th Century David Herbert Donald, Lincoln biographer and winner of the Pulitzer Prize, has i t ushered in the process of rethinking the Civil War that continues to this day. Together with a new preface and a thoroughly updated bibliographical essay, Why the North Won the Civil War by David Donald; Richard N Jstor www. Jstor. org/stable/40189706

Key Quotes from A Wrinkle in Time

Key Quotes from 'A Wrinkle in Time' A Wrinkle in Time is a favorite fantasy classic, by Madeleine LEngle. The novel was first published in 1962 after LEngles manuscript was rejected by more than two dozen publishers. She theorized that the book was too different for publishers to grasp, especially since it was a science fiction story with a female protagonist, almost unheard of at the time. It also includes a good deal of quantum physics, and it wasnt entirely clear at the time whether the book was written for children or adults. The story focuses on Meg Murry and her brother Charles Wallace, their friend Calvin, and the whereabouts of the Murrys father, a brilliant scientist. The three are transported through space by three supernatural creatures, Mrs. Who, Mrs. Whatsit and Mrs. Which, via a tesseract, explained to Meg as a wrinkle in time. Theyre drawn into a battle against the evil creatures IT and the Black Thing. The book is the first in a series about the Murry and OKeefe families. Other books in the series include A Wind in the Door, Many Waters, and A Swiftly Tilting Planet. Here are some key quotes from A Wrinkle in Time, with some context included. Quotes But you see, Meg, just because we dont understand doesnt mean that the explanation doesnt exist. Megs mother responding mysteriously to Megs question about whether there is an explanation for everything. A straight line is not the shortest distance between two points... Mrs. Whatsit explaining the basic concept of the tesseract. This resonates for Meg, who is brilliant at solving math problems, but clashes with teachers when she doesnt arrive at the answers in the way they want her to. She believes early in the novel that finding a result is the important thing, not how you get there. Suddenly there was a great burst of light through the Darkness. The light spread out and where it touched the Darkness the Darkness disappeared. The light spread until the patch of Dark Thing had vanished, and there was only a gentle shining, and through the shining came the stars, clear and pure. This describes the battle between goodness/light and darkness/evil, in an instance where light triumphs. As the skipping rope hit the pavement, so did the ball. As the rope curved over the head of the jumping child, the child with the ball caught the ball. Down came the ropes. Down came the balls. Over and over again. Up. Down. All in rhythm. All identical. Like the houses. Like the paths. Like the flowers. This is a description of the evil planet of Camazotz, and how all of its citizens are controlled by the Black Thing to think and behave the same way. Its a glimpse of what life on Earth may come to be unless the Black Thing can be defeated. Youre given the form, but you have to write the sonnet yourself. What you say is completely up to you. Mrs. Whatsit tries to explain the concept of free will to Meg, by comparing human life to a sonnet: The form is pre-determined, but your life is what you make of it. Love. That was what she had that IT did not have. This is Megs realization that she has the power to save Charles Wallace from IT and the Black Thing, because of her love for her brother.